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neutron backscattering
Neutron backscattering is one of several inelastic neutron scattering techniques. Backscattering from monochromator and analyzer crystals is used to achieve an energy resolution in the order of μeV. Neutron backscattering experiments are performed to study atomic or molecular motion on a nanosecond time scale.
== History ==
Neutron backscattering was proposed by Heinz Maier-Leibnitz in 1966,〔H. Maier-Leibnitz: ''Grundlagen für die Beurteilung von Intensitäts- und Genauigkeitsfragen bei Neutronenstreumessungen'', Nukleonik 8, 61 (1966).〕 and realized by some of his students in a test setup at the research reactor FRM I in Garching bei München, Germany.
〔B. Alefeld, M. Birr, A. Heidemann, Naturwissenschaften 56, 410 (1969).〕 Following this successful demonstration of principle, permanent spectrometers were built at Forschungszentrum Jülich and at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL). Later instruments brought an extension of the accessible momentum transfer range (IN13 at ILL), the introduction of focussing optics (IN16 at ILL), and a further increase of intensity by a compact design with a phase-space transform chopper (HFBS at NIST, SPHERES at FRM II, IN16B at the Institut Laue-Langevin).
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